Gallic acid

Description

Gallic acid · CAS 137657-43-3 · C7H6O5. UNII 632XD903SP. Boiling Point: 501.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg; Melting Point: 258 - 265 °C; Solubility: 11.9 mg/mL at 20 °C.

Identification

CAS Registry Number	137657-43-3
PubChem CID	370
Molecular formula	C7H6O5
IUPAC name	3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid
UNII (FDA)	632XD903SP

Computed Descriptors

Molecular Weight	170.12
XLogP3	0.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	5
Rotatable Bond Count	1
Exact Mass	170.02152329
Monoisotopic Mass	170.02152329
Topological Polar Surface Area	98
Heavy Atom Count	12
Formal Charge	0

Physical & Chemical Properties

Boiling Point	501.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Melting Point	258 - 265 °C
Solubility	11.9 mg/mL at 20 °C
Density	1.69 kg/l at 20 °C
Density	Density = 1.694 g/cu m at 6 °C
Vapor Pressure	0.00000012 [mmHg]
LogP	log Kow = 0.70
LogP	0.70
LogP	0.7
LogP	0.72

Physical description & handling notes

• Gallic acid is an odorless white solid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)
• Colorless or slightly yellow solid; [Hawley] White hygroscopic solid; [ICSC] White or cream colored powder; [MSDSonline]
• Solid
• WHITE HYGROSCOPIC CRYSTALS.
• Colorless or slightly yellow cyrstalline needles or prisms.
• NEEDLES FROM ABSOLUTE METHANOL OR CHLOROFORM

Regulatory Status

Regulatory & Food Contact	EU Flavoring substances Flavoring Agents CIR / INCI: Antioxidant
GHS notification summary	5.4% (22 / 405)

GHS Hazard Classification

GHS notification summary	5.4% (22 / 405)
Reported hazard statements	H315 (75.1%), H318 (19.3%), H319 (75.3%), H335 (71.9%)

Documented Uses

• Used to make gallic acid esters, tannins, paper, pyrogallol, and inks; as photographic developer; in tanning and dyeing; to test for free mineral acids, dihydroxyacetone, and alkaloids; in pharmaceuticals; in engraving of lithography; as an analytical reagent; and as a veterinary antidiarrheal; [HSDB]
• Pulp and Paper Processing [Category: Industry]
• Leather Tanning and Processing [Category: Industry]
• Photographic Processing [Category: Other]
• Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing) [Category: Industry]
• MANUFAC GALLIC ACID ESTERS, PYROGALLOL, INKS; AS PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVELOPER; IN TANNING; IN DYEING; IN TESTING FOR FREE MINERAL ACIDS, DIHYDROXYACETONE AND ALKALOIDS. ESTERS AS ANTIOXIDANTS. FORMERLY AS ASTRINGENT, STYPTIC.

Synonyms

Gallic acid; 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid; 149-91-7; Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-; Gallic acid, tech.; Pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid; Kyselina gallova; DTXSID0020650; NSC-20103; NSC-674319; CHEBI:30778; 632XD903SP; NSC20103; DTXCID60650; Acid, Gallic; Gallic Acid 1520

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the CAS number and molecular formula of Gallic acid?

CAS 137657-43-3; molecular formula C7H6O5; molecular weight — g/mol.

What other names is Gallic acid known by?

Gallic acid, 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, 149-91-7, Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, Gallic acid, tech., Pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid.

What is the regulatory status of Gallic acid?

Documented regulatory listings: EU Flavoring substances; Flavoring Agents; CIR / INCI: Antioxidant.

Is Gallic acid classified as hazardous?

5.4% of GHS notifications report no hazard classification (22 of 405).

What are the key physical properties of Gallic acid?

Boiling Point: 501.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg; Melting Point: 258 - 265 °C; Solubility: 11.9 mg/mL at 20 °C; Density: 1.69 kg/l at 20 °C.

Facts on this page are taken from PubChem (US National Library of Medicine) and Wikidata. Grade-specific data — assay, moisture, particle size, packaging, shelf life — is issued per batch on the COA and is not published here.