Thionyl Chloride

Description

Thionyl Chloride · CAS 7719-09-7 · Cl2OS. UNII 4A8YJA13N4. Boiling Point: 169 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024); Boiling Point: 76 °C at 760 mm Hg; Boiling Point: 76 °C.

Identification

Computed Descriptors

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical description & handling notes

• Thionyl chloride appears as a colorless to yellow fuming liquid with a suffocating pungent odor. Boiling point 79 °C. A lachrymator. Highly corrosive and toxic. Long-term inhalation of low concentrations or short-term inhalation of high concentrations has adverse health effects.
• Colorless to yellow to reddish liquid with a pungent odor like sulfur dioxide. [Note: Fumes form when exposed to moist air.]; [NIOSH]
• COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW OR REDDISH FUMING LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.
• Colorless to pale yellow or reddish liquid
• Pale yellow to red liquid
• Colorless to pale yellow, fuming, refractive liquid

GHS Hazard Classification

Documented Uses

• Used to make herbicides, surfactants, drugs, dyes, and plastics; Also used as an electrolyte in lithium batteries; [ACGIH]
• Battery Manufacturing [Category: Industry]
• Toxic Gas from Spilling Chemical in Water [Category: Other]
• For making acyl chlorides, to replace /hydroxide or sulfhydryl/ groups with chlorine atoms; reacts with Grignard reagents to form the corresponding sulfoxides.
• ... Used to make acyl chlorides and to synthesize pharmaceuticals including drugs and vitamins. It is used to make dyes, to prepare organic chlorine compounds, as a solvent in the production of herbicides, and as an electrolyte in lithium batteries. Thionyl chloride is also used to prepare polyarylate-type engineering thermoplastics made from iso- and tere-phthaloyl chlorides.
• Required in the manufacture of methylphosphonic dichloride, a key precursor for the nerve gas Sarin.

Synonyms

THIONYL CHLORIDE; Thionyl dichloride; 7719-09-7; Sulfinyl chloride; Sulfurous dichloride; Sulfurous oxychloride; Sulfinyl dichloride; Sulfur oxychloride; Sulfur chloride oxide; Sulfur chloride oxide (Cl2SO); 4A8YJA13N4; DTXSID3064778; CHEBI:29290; RefChem:6303; DTXCID0047953; 231-748-8

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the CAS number and molecular formula of Thionyl Chloride?

CAS 7719-09-7; molecular formula Cl2OS; molecular weight — g/mol.

What other names is Thionyl Chloride known by?

THIONYL CHLORIDE, Thionyl dichloride, 7719-09-7, Sulfinyl chloride, Sulfurous dichloride, Sulfurous oxychloride.

Is Thionyl Chloride classified as hazardous?

Hazard statements reported: H302, H314, H332, H318, H331.

What are the key physical properties of Thionyl Chloride?

Boiling Point: 169 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024); Boiling Point: 76 °C at 760 mm Hg; Boiling Point: 76 °C; Boiling Point: 169 °F.

Facts on this page are taken from PubChem (US National Library of Medicine) and Wikidata. Grade-specific data — assay, moisture, particle size, packaging, shelf life — is issued per batch on the COA and is not published here.